As the number of people killed in Bondi Beach stands at 15, the shooting is now among Australia's worst mass shootings and certainly the worst in the 21st century.
Shootings are rare in the country, where gun laws have been significantly tightened after a devastating attack in the 1990s.
Here's a rundown of the most prominent incidents so far:
Port Arthur massacre
In 1996, gunman Martin Bryant shot 35 people and injured 23 in the town of Port Arthur on the Australian island of Tasmania. The motivation behind the attack remains unclear.
The attack led to a watershed tightening in Australia's gun laws. Semiautomatic and pump-action shotguns and rifles were banned and over 700,000 firearms were surrendered under a buyback scheme.
Wieambilla ambush
The attack had been Australia's most recent prominent shooting, until the Bondi Beach attack.
Two police officers were ambushed and killed during a routine visit in the rural settlement of Wieambilla. One civilian also died.
The three attackers were shot and killed by police after an extended standoff.
The attack was long deemed a Christian fundamentalist terror attack, but an investigation found last month that the trio believed to be acting "defensively within their delusional framework".
Watch: Bondi attackers were father and son
Sydney Lindt Cafe siege
Sydney was previously haunted by another shooting, which took place in 2014.
A self-styled Muslim cleric held employees and customers at the Lindt Cafe hostage for over 16 hours. He was described as psychopathic and narcissistic.
The attacker shot the cafe's manager before being killed by police while another employee was killed by a stray police bullet.
Other notable shootings included...
- Queen Street Massacre: In 1987, a gunman killed eight people at a Melbourne post office and killed himself after being disarmed;
- Hoddle Street Massacre: A gunman opened fire on motorists and pedestrians in a Melbourne suburb, killing seven and injuring others before capture;
- Osmington shooting: Six people were killed in 2018 when a man shot his wife, daughter and four grandchildren in Osmington, a rural settlement. He killed himself.