Australia has strict gun laws, especially compared to the US.
In Australia, you have to have a "genuine reason" to obtain a firearms licence. The government of New South Wales says such reasons include:
- Business or employment
- Animal welfare
- Recreational hunting and vermin control
- Sport
Australia tightened its gun laws significantly after Martin Bryant killed 35 people with semi-automatic weapons at a tourist spot in Tasmania in 1996.
John Howard, the prime minister at the time, reacted by pushing for tough new national gun laws that made it much more difficult for Australians to acquire firearms.
Twelve days after the shootings at Port Arthur, legislation was agreed that banned most people from owning rapid-fire rifles and shotguns.
In a government buyback scheme, more than 600,000 weapons were handed in and destroyed.
By 2009, there were 0.1 gun murders per 100,000 people in Australia compared to 3.2 per 100,000 in the US, according to contemporaneous data from the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
Since then, there have been mass shootings in Australia, including two murder-suicides in 2014 and 2018 - with five and seven people killed - and a shootout in 2022 between police and Christian extremists, where six people were killed.